Optimal Sizing of Solar-Wind-Battery Hybrid Systems for Rural Electrification

Rural electrification remains a significant challenge in remote and underserved regions due to limited access to conventional grid infrastructure, high transmission costs, and unreliable power supply. Solar–wind–battery hybrid renewable energy systems offer a sustainable and reliable alternative by combining complementary renewable resources with battery energy storage. This study focuses on the optimal sizing of a hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV), wind energy, and battery storage system for rural electrification. The proposed approach determines the appropriate capacities of PV panels, wind turbines, and battery storage to meet the electrical demand while minimizing the overall system cost and maintaining a reliable power supply.